Sabtu, 26 Maret 2016

Example Simple Past Tense vs Present Perfect

Write the correct form of the verb in parentheses in each sentence. Choose only the simple past tense (examples: I worked, be took) or the perfect present tense (examples: I have worked, be has taken). Notice the two examples.

1. I (see) that movie already.
- I have seen that movie already

2. I (see) that movie yesterday.
- I saw that movie yesterday

3. I (read) that novel by Faulkner several times before.
I have read that novel by Faulkner several times before

4. I (read) that novel again during my last vacation.
 I read that novel again during my last vacation

5. Mr. Foster (study) Spanish at New York University last year.
Mr. Foster studied at New York University last year

6. Mr. Foster (study) French in this class since last September.
- Mr. Foster had studied French in this class since  last September

7. Miss Cunningham (live) in Detroit from 1940 to 1946.
Miss Cunningham lived in Detroit from 1940-1946

8. Miss Cunningham (live) in New York since the time.
Miss Cunningham had lived in New York since the time

9. Our guests (have) a good time at the party last night.
Our guests had a good time at the party last night

10. Our guests (have) a good time ever since their arrival.
Our guests have had a good time ever since their arrival.

11. Dr. and Mrs. Duncan (see) the Coliseum  in Rome in 1948.
Dr. and Mrs. Duncan saw the Coliseum in Rome in 1948.

12. Dr. Duncan (see) the Statue of Liberty hundreds of times.
Dr. Duncan had seen the Statue of Liberty hundreds of times.

13. The Browns (be) in Detroit twice since Christmas.
The Browns was in Detroit twice since Christmas.

14. The Browns (be) in San Fransisco the week before last.
The Browns had been in San Fransisco the week before last.

15. My wife and I (travel) by air many times in the past.
My wife and I have traveled by air many times in the past.

16. My wife and I (travel) to Mexico by air last summer.
My wife and I traveled to Mexico by air last summer.

17. The students (finish, finally) that exercise!
The students finally finished that exercise!

18. The students (start) that exercise about three hours ago.
The students have started that exercise about three hours ago.

19. We (receive) the boy's telegram at 08:00 p.m. last night.
We received the boy's telegram at 08:00 p.m. last night.

20. We (send, already) them a special delivery reply.
We have sent them a special delivery reply already.

21. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson (visit) Paris before the last war.
Mr. and Mrs. Hanson visited Paris before the last war.

22. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson (visit) Paris many times since the war.
Mr. and Mrs. Hanson have visited Paris many times since the war.

23. We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far.
- We have studied almost every lesson in this book so far.

24. We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.
- We studied a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.

25. I (have) a little trouble with my car last week.
- I had a little trouble with my car last week.

26. However, I (have) no trouble with my car since then.
However, I have had no trouble with my car since then.

27. We (watch, never) the television program.
We never have watched the television program.

28. We (watch) an interesting program on television last night.
We watched an interesting program on television last night.

29. That tell fellow (work) here for the past three weeks.
That tell fellow worked here for the past three weeks.

30. Formerly, he (work) for the A.B.C. Company in Boston.
Formerly, he had worked for the A.B.C. Company in Boston.

31. Mr. Shaw is my English teacher. He (teach) here for six years.
Mr. Shaw is my English teacher. He have had here for six years.

32. He (finish) his Ph. D. at Yale University seven years ago.
He finished his Ph. D. at Yale University seven years ago.


Different between Simple Past and Present Perfect

·         Different Between Simple Past And Present Perfect

For people who learn tenses in the first time, usually always feel confused with the differences between "Simple Past Tense" and "Present Perfect Tense". Because both of them have the same function which is to tell the past event. So when we were talking sometimes feel confused to choose which one we will use.



·         Simple Past Tense

(+)S + VERB 2 + O + ADVERB OF TIME (keterangan waktu)
Xeni went to Jogja yesterday
(-)S + DID + NOT + V1 + O +ADVERB OF TIME
Xeni did not go to Jogja yesterday
(?)DID + S + V 1 + O + ADVERB OF TIME
Did Xeni go to Jogja yesterday?





·         Present Perfect Tense
      
(+) S + HAVE/ HAS + VERB 3 + O
Ouwono has bought car
(-) S + HAVE/ HAS + NOT + VERB 3 + O
Ouwono has not bought car
(?) HAVE/HAS + S + V3 + O?
Has Ouwono bought car?


·         The Meaning of Simple Past and Present Perfect



Sentences above are different Simple Past Tense dan Present Perfect Tense :

A. To talk about the Simple Past
Simple Past tense is often seen with a time expression explaining when the activity  took place or how long it listed.

B. To talk about the Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences.

·         What is difference ?

Present perfect simple is unfinished actions that started in the past and continue to the present. Example :
I have known Ox for 2 years ( and I still know her )
A finished action in someone's life (when the person is still alive: life experience). Example :
My sister has been to Jogja fourth times
A finished action with a result in the present. Example :
I have lost my keys ( the result is that I can’t get into my house now)
With an unfinished time word (this week, this month, today):
I have seen James this week
Past simple is finished  actions. Example :
I knew Ox for 2 years ( but then she moved              away and we lost touch )
A finished action in someone's life (when the person is dead):
My great grandmother went to Mexico three times
A finished action with no result in the present:
I lost my keys yesterday. It was terrible! ( now there is no result. I got new keys yesterday)
With a finished time word (last week, last month, yesterday):
I saw john last week